Unterschiede

Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.

--- de:lib:authors:bodhi:bps-essay_39 [2019/09/03 09:41] – div at end removed Johann
+++ de:lib:authors:bodhi:bps-essay_39 [2022/03/14 17:13] (aktuell) – media link Johann
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
+<WRAP box fill ><wrap info>Info:</wrap> Diese Gabe des Dhammas ist noch nicht (vollständig übersetzt). Fühlen Sie sich frei Ihre Verdienste zu teilen, gegeben mit einer zu versorgen, selbst wenn nur ein Teilabschnitt, oder sich in Vervollständigung und Verbesserung einzubringen, wenn inspiriert fühlend. //(Bleistiftsymbol recht, wenn angemeldet ersichtlich, drücken um Text zu bearbeiten.// //(Entfernen Sie diese Anmerkung sobald eine Übersetzung gegeben und ändern Sie die Division ''#wrap_h_content_untranslated'' in ''#wrap_h_content'' .)//</WRAP><div navi>[[de:index|{{de:img:home.png|Startseite}}]] >> [[de:lib:index|Bibliothek]] >> [[de:lib:authors:index|Autoren]] >> [[de:lib:authors:bodhi:index|Ehrw. Bodhi Bhikkhu]] [[de:lib:authors:bodhi:index#?|{{de:img:question_16.gif|Info}}]]</div>
+<div center round todo 60%>**Preperation of htmls into ATI.eu currently in progress.** Please visite the corresponding page at [[http://zugangzureinsicht.org/html/index_en.html|ZzE]]. If inspired to get involved in this merits here, one may feel invited to join best here: [[http://sangham.net/index.php/topic,8657.0.html|[ATI.eu] ATI/ZzE Content-style]]</div>
+====== Lifestyles und spiritueller Fortschritt ======
+<span hide>Lifestyles und spiritueller Fortschritt</span>
+Summary:
+<div #h_meta>
+<div #h_doctitle>Lifestyles und spiritueller Fortschritt</div>
+<div #h_docby>von</div>
+<div #h_docauthor>Bhikkhu Bodhi</div>
+<div #h_docauthortransinfo>Übersetzung ins Deutsche von:</div>
+<div #h_docauthortrans>noch keine vorhanden, möchten Sie ihre teilen?   [[http://sangham.net/index.php?action=post;topic=747.0|{{de:img:letter.jpg?30}}]]</div>
+<div #h_docauthortransalt>Alternative Übersetzung: [[|noch keine vorhanden]]</div>
+<div #h_copyright>[[#f_termsofuse|{{de:img:d2.png?16x18}}]][[#f_termsofuse| 2005-2018]]</div>
+<div #h_altformat>Alternative Formate: {{de/lib/authors/bodhi/bps-essay_39.pdf?linkonly}} (??pages/165KB)</div>
+</div>
+<div #h_homage>
+<div #homagetext>[[de:homage|-  Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammā-sambuddhassa  -]]</div>
+<div navigation></div>
+</div>
+<span #h_content_untranslated></span>
+Newcomers to Buddhism often ask whether a person's lifestyle has any special bearing on their ability to progress along the Buddha's path, and in particular whether the Buddha had a compelling reason for establishing a monastic order governed by guidelines quite different from those that hold sway over the lay Buddhist community. Doesn't it seem, they ask, that a lay person who follows the Buddhist precepts in daily life should be able to advance just as rapidly as a monk or nun and attain the same level of enlightenment? And, if this is so, doesn't that mean that the entire monastic lifestyle becomes something superfluous, or at best a mere matter of personal choice no more relevant to one's spiritual development than whether one trains to become a doctor or an engineer?
+If we suspend concern for questions of status and superiority and simply consider the two modes of life in their ideal expression, the conclusion would have to follow that the monastic life, lived //in the way envisioned by the Buddha,// is the one that conduces more effectively to the final goal. According to the Pali canon, the ultimate goal of the Dhamma is the attainment of Nibbana: the destruction of all defilements here and now and ultimate release from samsara, the round of rebirths. This attainment comes about by eliminating craving and ignorance through the practice of the Noble Eightfold Path. The Eightfold Path is open equally to both monastics and lay followers; monastic ordination does not confer any privileged access to the path or an empowerment that enables a monk or nun to make more rapid progress than a lay follower. But while this is so, the fact remains that the monastic life was expressly designed by the Buddha to facilitate complete dedication to the practice of the path in its three stages of virtue, concentration, and wisdom, and thus provides the optimal conditions for spiritual progress.
+The monastic lifestyle does so precisely because the final goal is a state of renunciation, "the relinquishment of all acquisitions" //(sabb'upadhi-patinissagga),// and from the outset the monk's life is rooted in renunciation. In "going forth," the monk leaves behind family, possessions, and worldly position, and even the outer marks of personal identity, symbolized by hair, beard, and wardrobe. By shaving the head and donning the yellow robe, the monk has given up — in principle at least — any claim to a unique identity as his own. Outwardly indistinguishable from a hundred thousand other monks, he has become simply a "Sakyaputtiya samana," an ascetic who follows the Sakyan son (i.e., the Buddha).
+The life of the monk involves radical simplicity, contentment with the barest requisites, the need to be patient in difficulty. The monastic lifestyle places the monk in dependence on the generosity and kindness of others, and imposes on him an intricate code of discipline, the Vinaya, designed to foster the essential renunciant virtues of simplicity, restraint, purity, and harmlessness. These virtues provide a sound basis for the higher attainments in concentration and insight, which are essentially stages in the progressive purification of the mind and the deepening of insight.
+Of prime importance, too, is the external freedom ideally provided by the monastic life. The monastic schedule leaves the monk free from extraneous demands on his time and energy, allowing him to devote himself fully to the practice and study of the Dhamma. Of course, as the monastic life is lived today, monks take on many responsibilities not originally mentioned in the canonical texts, and in a traditional Buddhist country the village temple has become the hub of religious activity, with the monks functioning as virtual priests for the wider Buddhist community. But here we are concerned with the canonical picture of the monastic life. If the monk's life so conceived did not promote smoother progress toward the goal, it seems there would have been no sound reason for the Buddha to have established a monastic order or to have encouraged men and women so inclined to "go forth from the home life into homelessness."
+While the attainment of Nibbana is the ultimate goal of early Buddhism, it is not the only goal, and one of the shortcomings in the way Theravada Buddhism has been presented to the West is the one-sided emphasis placed on the final goal over the provisional aspect of the Teaching. In traditional Buddhist lands few Buddhists see Nibbana as an immediately realistic prospect. The great majority, both lay and monastic, regard the path as a course of "gradual practice, gradual progress, and gradual achievement" extending over many lives. Their practice as Buddhist followers centers around the performance of meritorious deeds and methodical mental purification, rooted in the confidence that the kammic law of causality and the spiritual power of the Dhamma will sustain them in their quest for deliverance.
+To make clear the choices facing the lay follower we might posit two alternative models of the Buddhist lay life. On the first model lay life is seen as a field for gradual progress toward the goal through the development of wholesome qualities such as generosity, moral virtue, kindness, and understanding. The immediate aim is not direct realization of the highest truth, but the accumulation of merits leading to a happy rebirth and gradual progress toward Nibbana.
+The second model recognizes the capacity of lay followers for reaching the stages of awakening in this life itself, and advocates strict moral discipline and strenuous effort in meditation to attain deep insight into the truth of the Dhamma. While there are in Buddhist countries lay people who follow the path of direct realization, their number is much smaller than those who pursue the alternative model. The reason should be obvious enough: the stakes are higher, and include a capacity for inward renunciation rare among those who must raise a family, work at a full-time job, and struggle to survive in a ruggedly competitive world. We should note further a point of prime importance: this second model of the Buddhist lay life becomes effective as a means to higher attainment precisely because it emulates the monastic model. Thus, to the extent that a lay follower embarks on the practice of the direct path to realization, he or she does so by conforming to the lifestyle of a monk or nun.
+These two conceptions of the lay life need not be seen as mutually exclusive, for an earnest lay follower can adopt the first model for his or her normal routine and also stake out periods to pursue the second model, e.g., by curtailing social engagements, devoting time to deep study and meditation, and occasionally going on extended retreats. Though a monastic lifestyle might be more conducive to enlightenment than a busy life within the world, when it comes to individuals rather than models all fixed preconceptions collapse. Some lay people with heavy family and social commitments manage to make such rapid progress that they can give guidance in meditation to earnest monks, and it is not rare at all to find sincere monks deeply committed to the practice who advance slowly and with difficulty. While the monastic life, lived according to the original ideal, may provide the optimal outer conditions for spiritual progress, the actual rate of progress depends on personal effort and on the store of qualities one brings over from previous lives, and often it seems individuals deeply enmeshed in the world are better endowed in both respects than those who enter the Sangha.
+In any case, whether for monk, nun, or layperson, the path to Nibbana is the same: the Noble Eightfold Path. Whatever one's personal circumstances may be, if one is truly earnest about realizing the final goal of the Dhamma one will make every effort to tread this path in the way that best fits the particular circumstances of one's life. As the Buddha himself says: "Whether it be a householder or one gone forth, it is the one of right practice that I praise, not the one of wrong practice" (SN XLV.24).
+<span #h_content_end></span>
+<div #f_footer>
+<div showmore>
+<div #f_colophon>
+<div #f_publisherColophon>**Anmerkung des Herausgebers**
+Die [[http://www.bps.lk|Buddhist Publication Society]] ist eine anerkannte Wohlfahrtseinrichtung, die zum Ziel hat, die Lehre des Buddha zu verbreiten, welche eine wichtige Botschaft für Angehörige aller Glaubensrichtungen enthält.
+Seit ihrer Gründung im Jahre 1958 hat die BPS eine große Auswahl an Büchern und Broschüren über eine weite Themenpalette veröffentlicht. Unter den Veröffentlichungen finden sich sowohl sorgfältige, mit Anmerkungen versehene Übersetzungen von Reden des Buddha und Standard-Nachschlagewerke, als auch Originale von zeitgenössischen Darlegungen des buddhistischen Denkens und Übens. Diese Schriften stellen den Buddhismus so dar, wie er wahrhaft ist -- eine dynamische Kraft, die seit 2500 Jahren aufnahmefähige Geister beeinflusst hat und heutzutage noch genauso aktuell ist wie zu der Zeit ihres ersten Entstehens.
+Buddhist Publication Society\\
+P.O. Box 61\\
+, Sangharaja Mawatha\\
+Kandy, Sri Lanka
+</div>
+<div #f_newcopyrightsymbol>[[#top| ]]</div>
+<div #f_provenance>**Herkunft:**
+<div #f_sourceCopy>Quelle dieser Arbeit ist die Gabe mit der Access to Insight "Offline Edition 2012.09.10.14", letztmaliger Abgleich 12. März 2013, großzügig geteilt von John Bullitt und angeführt als: ©1998 Buddhist Publication Society.</div>
+<div #f_sourceCopy_translation></div>
+<div #f_sourceEdition></div>
+<div #f_sourceTitle>BPS Newsletter Leitbeitrag Nr. 39 (2<sup>nd</sup> mailing, 1998).</div>
+<div #f_atiCopy>Diese Ausgabe von Zugang zur Einsicht ist [[de:dhamma-dana|{{de:img:d2.png?8}}]]2013 (ATI 2005–2013).</div>
+<div f_zzecopy>Übersetzungen, Publizierungen, Änderungen und Ergänzungen liegen im Verantwortungsbereich von //Zugang zur Einsicht//.</div>
+</div>
+<div #f_termsofuse>**Umfang des Dhamma-Geschenkes: **Sie sind eingeladen, dieses Dhamma-Geschenk hier, und Ihre Verdienste damit, neben der eigenen Verwendung auch wieder als Dhamma-Geschenk zu vervielfachen (Anumodana) und in jedes dafür passende Medium zu kopieren, es umzuformatieren, zu drucken, publizieren und zu verteilen, vorausgesetzt: (1) Sie machen Kopien usw. verfügbar, //ohne eine Gegenleistung// zu verlangen, und im Fall des Druckes, keine größere Menge als 50 Kopien; (2) Sie kennzeichnen klar, daß jedes Ergebnis aus dieser Arbeit (inkl. Übersetzungen) aus diesem Dokument stammt; und (3) Sie fügen diesen hier angeführten "Umfang des Dhamma-Geschenkes" jeder Kopie oder Abwandlung aus diesem Werk bei. Alles, was darüber hinaus geht, ist hier nicht gegeben. Für eine ausführliche Erklärung, siehe [[de:faq#copyright|FAQ]].</div>
+<div #f_citation>**Wie das Dokument anzuführen ist** (ein Vorschlag): "Lifestyles und spiritueller Fortschritt", vom Ehrw. Bhikkhu Bodhi. //Access to Insight//, 16 Juni 2011, [[http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bodhi/bps-essay_39.html|http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bodhi/bps-essay_39.html]] . Übernommen am 12 März 2013 (Offline Edition 2012.09.10.14), wiederveröffentlicht von //Zugang zur Einsicht// auf
+<script  type="text/javascript">document.write(location.href);</script> Zitat entnommen am:
+"date"</div>
+<div #f_alt-formats>**Alternative Formate: {{de/lib/authors/bodhi/bps-essay_39.pdf?linkonly}} (??pages/165KB)**</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+----
+<div #f_toenail>[[de:help|Hilfe]] | [[de:faq#whatis|Über]] | [[de:faq#contact|Kontakt]] | [[de:dhamma-dana|Umfang der Dhamma-Gabe]] | [[de:cowork|Mitwirken]]\\ Anumodana puñña kusala!</div>

Benutzer-Werkzeuge

Webseiten-Werkzeuge

Unterschiede

Seiten-Werkzeuge